I have undertaken medico-legal work for the last 15 years and have provided in excess of 450 reports on condition, prognosis, life expectancy, breach of duty, causation and fitness to attend trial. I have appeared as an expert cardiology witness at trial (4) and inquests (7).

I have in excess of 30 years’ experience as a consultant cardiologist working in a tertiary cardiothoracic centre and was Clinical Director of my own cardiothoracic centre from 2014 to 2019.

From January 2019 I worked as one of my Trust’s Medical Examiners and I was appointed as Lead Medical Examiner in June 2019. I was an ME member of the Royal College of Pathologists until I stepped down as an ME in 2024.

During my 5-year tenure I had personally scrutinised in excess of 4500 hospital and community deaths.

I qualified in medicine (MBBS) in 1978, was awarded an MD in 1990 and was elected as a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in 1997. I have worked in cardiology since 1983, practicing as a consultant cardiologist since 1992.

I have extensive experience in general, adult – as well as interventional – cardiology.

I have served on the council of the British Cardiovascular Society (BCS) and on two of its Working Groups examining the Provision of Cardiac Services across the UK following devolution (published 2006).

I also co-wrote the UK guidelines for the structure and function of the Multidisciplinary Team process in management decision making in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD; published 2015).

Having been its past secretary, and served on the council of the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society (BCIS), I co-wrote its UK guidelines for good practice in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI; coronary angioplasty and stenting), published in 2015.

I have additional experience in the peer review of cardiology departments and in the assessment of individual cardiological and cardiac surgical practitioners, as well as in the processes of care itself particularly when systems appear to have failed.

This work has been on behalf of, and reports (with numbers in parentheses) have been provided for, BCS (3), BCIS (3), the Society for Cardiothoracic Surgery (3), the National Clinical Assessment Service (4), the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman (68) and the Health Ombudsman Services for Scotland (9). Northern Ireland (2) and Wales (14).

I have received instructions from solicitors across the UK as well as from firms in Ireland, Hong Kong, Singapore and Gibraltar. My Claimant: Defendant split is 50:50 with occasional instructions as Joint expert.

In May 2017 I attained an LLM in Medical Law and Ethics (with merit) from De Montfort University, Leicester, this work having been supported by my employing NHS Trust.

This involved a 15,000-word dissertation on the impact of Montgomery [2015] upon the consenting for cardiac procedures.

I have undertaken invasive cardiac procedures since 1983 and since then have personally performed in excess of 10,000 diagnostic coronary angiograms.

With regard to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), I became an independent first operator in 1988.

I have since then personally undertaken in excess of 7000 cases and supervised interventional trainees in another 3000 cases in which I assumed overall responsibility.

In 2003 I was appointed by Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust specifically to establish and direct a new PCI service to compliment the development of a cardiothoracic surgical centre.

This was to be part of a new, fully-integrated Cardiothoracic Centre which was then in the process of being built and opened in 2004.

In the year 2019-2020 the Wolverhampton Heart and Lung Centre delivered approximately 1500 PCI procedures and we are currently the largest provider of primary PCI in the West Midlands, this being the default treatment for patients with acute ST-segment elevation MI.

I was Editor-in-Chief of an international textbook on cardiovascular intervention, now in its second edition, and which was contributed to by 40 world-renowned interventional experts (Essential Interventional Cardiology. Pubs. Saunders Elsevier; 2008).

Areas of expertise include:

Cardiology.
General adult cardiology.
Invasive and Interventional cardiology (angiography, angioplasty, stenting).
Consenting for cardiological procedures.